Members of the Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research of the Chinese Academy of Sciences during a monthlong field investigation in the autonomous region. SUN ZIFA/CHINA NEWS SERVICE

Researchers have explored the development of agriculture and civilization, cultural exchanges and the efficient governance of the region by the central government. The ongoing archaeological research and investigation has also highlighted "the plateau Silk Road", a novel concept that emerged in recent years to describe ancient trade routes in the region.

According to the conference, studies in these areas have provided crucial insights into the history of the exchanges and integration of multiethnic groups in the region.

The region's proactive archaeological surveys have encompassed key topics, including its section of the famous trade route known as the ancient Tea-Horse Road, and the region's grotto temples. The findings during these excavations and research have deepened Xizang's connection with the motherland and enhanced understanding of the region's historical politics, economic and cultural exchanges with surrounding countries, which underscore that the diverse cultures in the region are an integral part of Chinese culture.

These excavations have played a vital role in unraveling the past of the region. Notable sites, such as Nwya Devu in Shanza county, Nagchu city, where archaeologists uncovered the oldest signs of human activity on the plateau, could stretch back as far as 40,000 to 30,000 years ago. Other sites include Mabutso Lake in Khangmar county, Shigatse, to the south of Lhasa, which is thought to be home to people relying on fishing and hunting, dating back some 4,000 years; and the Sangsdar Lungmgo gravesite, discovered in Zada county, Ngari prefecture, which shows frequent regional communication and ties with the area to the south of the Himalayas, as well as today's Central China and the Xinjiang Uygur autonomous region.