PORT-AU-PRINCE — Nearly 6 million people in Haiti are expected to face acute food insecurity in the coming months, underscoring how gang violence, mass displacement and economic strain are keeping the Caribbean nation in the grip of a deepening humanitarian crisis, according to a new assessment published on Thursday.

About 5.8 million Haitians — more than half the population — are facing acute food insecurity, said the Integrated Food Security Phase Classification, or IPC, with more than 1.8 million of them in the emergency phase and in urgent need of food assistance.

The crisis has been fueled by worsening insecurity, economic shocks and repeated disruptions to markets and farming, the report said.

Armed groups have expanded their control in parts of the country, while more than 1.4 million people have been displaced, straining food supplies and pushing vulnerable households deeper into hunger.

The latest IPC projection is slightly below an earlier estimate of 5.91 million people facing acute food insecurity — improvements that agencies have linked in part to food assistance, easing inflation, and better harvest conditions in some areas.

The World Food Programme, or WFP, said sustained food aid has helped about 200,000 Haitians move out of emergency levels of hunger since last year, yet aid groups said some recent gains were fragile.

"Fighting hunger is essential to restoring stability in Haiti. We cannot build peace if families cannot feed their children," WFP Haiti Country Director Wanja Kaaria said in a statement.

Humanitarian agencies warned that conditions could deteriorate again without more support, citing the spike in global fuel prices caused by the Iran war, which has further strained transportation and agricultural production costs.