China will not drop its preferential policies to
attract foreign investment despite the fact that World Trade Organization (WTO)
rules specify that foreign and domestic firms should be treated the same.
Hu Jingyan, director-general of the department of foreign investment
administration under the Ministry of Commerce, said China has no plan to change
its preferential treatment policies for foreign investment in the near future.
Hu made the remarks to reassure foreign investors who have been worried that
China might cancel its preferential policies and give foreign investors the same
national treatment as their domestic counterparts now that the country is in the
WTO.
"This is a result of their misunderstanding of what is meant by 'national
treatment," Hu said. In line with the WTO rules, national treatment means the
elimination of policies that discriminate against foreign investment; it does
not necessarily mean elimination of preferential treatment.
On the contrary, the Chinese Government will establish more preferential
policies to promote foreign investment, particularly investment by
multinationals, Hu said.
For example, China will allow the creation of foreign-funded, even solely
funded, logistics companies, to improve the poorly operated domestic logistics
industry.
The ministry is also studying preferential policies for foreign-funded
purchasing centres and research and development centres, which will be put into
practice soon.
However, the trend in China will be to level out its treatment of foreign and
domestic companies, Hu added.
"But that is the long-term target, the government will not drop its
preferential policies immediately," Hu said.
Many local enterprises have complained about the preferential treatment given
to foreign-funded companies, saying their competitiveness is weakened by these
policies.
Foreign companies are not required to pay tariffs and value-added tax when
importing equipment for their own operation.
They also enjoy a lower corporate income tax rate.
Considering preferential policies and other incentives, China's actual
corporate income tax rate is estimated at 26 per cent for domestic firms and 15
per cent for overseas-funded firms.
Local companies argue that national treatment not only means that the
government must open more areas to foreign investment, but also means that it
must level out differences in treatment.
However, Zhao Jinping, an expert on foreign investment from the Development
and Research Centre under the State Council, said these local companies should
be looking at the macro environment.
"The elimination of preferential treatment for foreign investors will lead to
a slowdown in the increase of foreign direct investment (FDI), and even a drop,
which will have a negative impact on the country's economic development and
industrial adjustment," Zhao said.
"Therefore, we should keep stable consistent policies on foreign investment."
Even when the time for dropping such policies is ripe, the change should be
made gradually, Zhao said.
After 25 years of tireless work in attracting FDI, China has a larger scope
and a more orderly investment structure to encourage foreign funds, and the
quality of investment from abroad is improving continuously.
To date, more than 400 of the world's top 500 companies have launched
operations in China, of which nearly 30 have set up regional headquarters.
FDI in China hit a record high last year, outpacing the United States to rank
first in the world for the first time.
The country's actual foreign investment in 2002 exceeded US$52.7 billion, a
year-on-year increase of 12.51 per cent, despite a decline in global FDI
investment.
Ma Xiuhong, vice-minister of commerce, said earlier FDI in China is expected
to total about US$57 billion this year, US$4.3 billion more than in
2002.