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The history of basketball,table tennis and badminton
[ 2006-05-24 14:00 ]
Basketball.
The world's
greatest sport ever. But of course, it hasn't been around since the world began.
No, somebody had to have invented it. And that somebody would be James
Naismith.
Born in Almonte, Ontario, Canada, this Canadian Gym Teacher and Physician
would soon be the founder of basketball. It all started in December of 1891.
Naismith was teaching in Springfield, Massachusetts and was asked by Luther H.
Gulick, the Headmaster of the school for Christian Works to make a new sport.
The main idea of the sport was mainly to be played inside when it was too cold
to go outside. The new sport also had to keep athletes in their top conditions
between the baseball and football season. Naismith began to work. The first
game-ball was a soccer ball.
The first baskets were peach baskets that Naismith cleverly thought of
hanging on the wall. From there, the legacy of basketball began. Originally,
there was 9 men to each team, but the objective was still the same; to pass the
ball to other players on your team and put the ball in the opposing team's net,
or basket back then. From there, basketball caught on like a wildfire.
During 1885 highschools and colleges began to adopt the game, and by 1898,
the first Pro. League was founded. After the first game played, Naismith drafted
13 rules and regulations, but many more were yet to come. The hoops we know
today were invented in 1906. They were steel, with a net hanging from its
rim.
籃球被譽(yù)為世界上最偉大的運(yùn)動(dòng)之一?；@球的發(fā)明者是James Naismith。1891年，James
Naismith在馬塞諸塞當(dāng)體育老師的時(shí)候，校長讓他為基督教想出一種運(yùn)動(dòng)，這種運(yùn)動(dòng)一定要在室內(nèi)進(jìn)行，運(yùn)動(dòng)員在比賽時(shí)還要有棒球和足球比賽時(shí)的激情。經(jīng)過思考，他想出了一個(gè)辦法：在墻上掛網(wǎng)子，然后把球扔向這個(gè)用網(wǎng)子做的籃子里，籃球運(yùn)動(dòng)由此而生。最初，參加籃球比賽的每個(gè)隊(duì)伍有9個(gè)隊(duì)員，比賽規(guī)則是：球員把球傳給本隊(duì)隊(duì)員，然后將球投向?qū)Ψ降目鹱永铩Ｖ钡?898年，第一支專業(yè)籃球隊(duì)成立。
 Table Tennis
Like many other sports, table
tennis began as a mild social diversion. Descending, along with lawn tennis and
badminton, from the ancient medieval game of tennis. It was popular in England
in the second half of the nineteenth century under its present name and various
trade names such as Gossima and Whiff-Whaff. After the name Ping-Pong (an
imitation of the sound made by the ball striking the table and the vellum bats
that were used) was introduced by J. Jaques & Son, the game became a
fashionable craze.
The game was popular in Central Europe in 1905-10, and
even before this is a modified version had been introduced to Japan, where it
later spread to China and Korea. After a period when it had dropped out of favor
in Europe, the game was revived in England and Wales in the early twenties. By
that time 'Ping-Pong' had been registered as a trademark, so the earlier name of
table tennis was re-introduced. National associations were formed and
standardization of the rules began, both in Europe and the Far East. Then, over
the next sixty years, table tennis developed into a major worldwide sport,
played by perhaps thirty million competitive players and by uncountable millions
who play less seriously. However, the game itself has not changed in essence
since its earliest days, though it is faster, more subtle and more demanding
than it was even only twenty years
ago.
乒乓球、網(wǎng)球和羽毛球都是由網(wǎng)球演變而來的。19世紀(jì)初期，乒乓球運(yùn)動(dòng)在中歐很受歡迎，后來其運(yùn)動(dòng)方式稍加修改，傳入日本，后來又傳到了中國和韓國。乒乓球曾經(jīng)一度銷聲匿跡，到了19世紀(jì)20年代早期，它又在英格蘭和威爾士重獲新生。那時(shí)很多國家的乒乓球協(xié)會(huì)成立，在歐洲和遠(yuǎn)東，乒乓球的比賽規(guī)則也被設(shè)立。其后的60年間，乒乓球發(fā)展成為一項(xiàng)世界著名的運(yùn)動(dòng)。
 Badminton
As to the beginning of badminton, there
are a lot of stories. One saying that it started in Japan, the other says that
it started from India. But one thing is for sure, which is that badminton was
started in the U.K., in about 1800, which was developed from tennis. You may
discover that there are a lot of similarities between the two. In the year of
1870, a sort of ball made of feather and wood as well as a bat woven with
strings were invented. Ever since 1873, the sport of badminton become more and
more prosperous, when the field was a gourd like, with two wider spaces at both
ends and a narrow stretch of land in the middle where a net was set up. This
gourd-like field was changed to a square shape in 1901.
In 1893, the
first badminton committee was established, which was then the British Badminton
Association, holding a championship competition in 1899 nation wide. In 1934, an
international badminton association was founded with its headquarter in London.
The members are Canada, Denmark, Britain, France, Ireland, Holland, New Zealand,
Scotland and Wales. Ever from then on, there have been more and more badminton
competitions. Especially popular in Asia and Europe today, badminton became a
full competition sport at the Olympic Games in
1992.
關(guān)于羽毛球的起源，有很多種說法，一種說法認(rèn)為羽毛球起源于日本，另一種說法它起源于印度?？梢源_定的是，現(xiàn)代羽毛球運(yùn)動(dòng)于1800年左右誕生于英國，由網(wǎng)球變化而來。1870年，用羽毛、軟木做的球和穿弦的球拍出現(xiàn)。從1873年起，羽毛球運(yùn)動(dòng)逐漸繁榮起來.1893年，世界上最早的羽毛球協(xié)會(huì)在英國成立。1934年，加拿大、丹麥、英國、法國、愛爾蘭、荷蘭、新西蘭、蘇格蘭和威爾士等國發(fā)起了國際羽毛球聯(lián)合會(huì)，國際性的羽毛球比賽日漸增多。1992年，羽毛球被列為奧運(yùn)會(huì)正式比賽項(xiàng)目。
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